Difference between revisions of "Control Structures"
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− | == if | + | =Conditional= |
− | + | ==if== | |
− | + | {{ | |
− | + | CodeSample| | |
− | + | description= | |
− | + | code= | |
− | + | <syntaxhighlight> | |
− | + | if ( boolean ) | |
− | + | { | |
− | + | // any statements here | |
− | + | // are only going to be executed | |
− | + | // if the boolean returns true | |
+ | } | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight>}} | ||
+ | if ( boolean ) | ||
+ | // curly braces aren't required if only one statement follows the conditional | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight>}} | ||
+ | ===else=== | ||
+ | {{ | ||
+ | CodeSample| | ||
+ | description= | ||
+ | code= | ||
+ | <syntaxhighlight> | ||
+ | if ( boolean ) | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | // statements if true | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | else | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | // the statements here | ||
+ | // are only going to be executed | ||
+ | // if the boolean returns false | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight>}} | ||
+ | ===else if=== | ||
+ | {{ | ||
+ | CodeSample| | ||
+ | description= | ||
+ | code= | ||
+ | <syntaxhighlight> | ||
+ | if ( boolean1 ) | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | // statements if true | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | else if ( boolean2 ) | ||
+ | { | ||
+ | // the statements here | ||
+ | // are only going to be executed | ||
+ | // if boolean1 returns false | ||
+ | // & boolean2 returns true | ||
+ | } | ||
+ | </syntaxhighlight>}} | ||
+ | ==switch== | ||
+ | |||
− | |||
switch (value) | switch (value) | ||
{ | { |
Revision as of 01:24, 14 March 2010
Conditional
if
code=
if ( boolean )
{
// any statements here
// are only going to be executed
// if the boolean returns true
}
{{{code}}}
if ( boolean )
// curly braces aren't required if only one statement follows the conditional
</syntaxhighlight>}}
else
code=
if ( boolean )
{
// statements if true
}
else
{
// the statements here
// are only going to be executed
// if the boolean returns false
}
{{{code}}}
else if
code=
if ( boolean1 )
{
// statements if true
}
else if ( boolean2 )
{
// the statements here
// are only going to be executed
// if boolean1 returns false
// & boolean2 returns true
}
{{{code}}}
switch
switch (value) { case expression: statement statement ... break; default: statement statement ... break; }
while
while (boolean) {}
repeat until
repeat {} until (boolean);
for
for x from a to b by c
is the general case. You don't need to specify whether it's going up or down - although doing so by using upto or downto does allow a runtime check to make sure you didn't screw up.
If you don't specify "c", it defaults to incrementing/decrementing by 1. The first iteration is at a and the last is at b (that is to say, it goes from a to b, inclusive).
foreach
foreach x in map {}
"map" must be an aggregate - a map or a slice. x takes on each value of the map index in turn. If there is more than one index, x iterates over the first index.
For example:
boolean [int][string] map; map[15]["test"] = true; foreach int_index in map { print(int_index); //this will print '15' once, since there is only one valid value for this index foreach string_index in map[int_index] //this iterates over the "slice" of the map where 1 is fixed as the index { print(string_index); //This will print "test" once, since there is only one valid value for this index print(map[int_index][string_index]); //this will print "true" } }
So the output is
15 test true
Note that instead of nesting foreach statements, for a multidimensional map, two iterators can be used inline.
foreach x,y in map
is identical to
foreach x in map { foreach y in map[x] }
See http://kolmafia.sourceforge.net/advanced.html#maps for more details on maps.
continue/break
Like many languages with looping structures, ASH supports the break and continue statements. All looping structures (for, while, repeat until, and foreach) support these statements.
break;
Breaks out of the smallest enclosing loop. In a switch statement, breaks out of the switch statement. Execution resumes at the first statement after the end of the loop/switch statement.
continue;
Continues on to the next iteration of the loop (skipping any statments in this iteration that occur after the continue statement). In a switch statement, continue is allowed iff the switch is inside a loop, and acts as any other continue.